Egypt 

Egypt was ruled by mostly Pharaohs for a majority of its existence. Pharaohs were treated  like a god. Egypt was an agricultural society that was based around the Nile. There was a huge difference between the rich and poor in Egypt. Farmers and slaves had to work for their food everyday. Unlike the people of a higher class who never had to face such hardships. The Old Kingdom was the time period when a majority of the pyramids were built. After that time they moved on to building other things like temples. In the Middle Kingdom area the  Hyksos invaded during that time.  They were defeated and the golden age for Egypt began. That was the time of The New Kingdom. In the time of the New Kingdom the Egyptians expanded their territory thanks to them now having irrigation systems so they could water their crops easier. 

There were strong Pharaohs in The New Kingdom, but like most empires, Egypt fell into decline that it never recovered from. Afterward Egypt  then fell to the Roman Empire in 31 BC.