Morphine
Chemistry began as alchemy, Alchemists has formula for secret opium elixirs. The formula was rediscovered in the 1700s. Surtuner apprenticed for a pharmacist, he invented morphine from opium. Morphine comes from purifying opium, it pretends to be an endorphin. Which blocks pain signals. Morphine is one of the most potent pain relievers. It was useful for a variety of problems, it was named after the Greek God of dreams. A famous chemist finally noticed one of them, he did experiments on dogs. Then he tested it on himself and others.
Jacquard Loom
Bastille Bouchon, was the son of an organ maker. They used cam to make the pipes sing (the organ pipes). Bouchon applied the cam patterns to the loom in 1725. Vaucanson improved this design by adding a cylinder. Jacquard combined these previous attempts 50 years later. Jacquard loom automatically produces complex woven patterns. “Programmable” cards create the thread patterns. The loom reduced labor costs and made expensive clothes cheaper. The loom was invented in 1804, but took some time to catch on. Jacquard was handsomely rewarded by Napoleon. Factory owners installed the Jacquard loom.
Inventions and Worldview
Different cultures have different world views. The compass had different effects in different cultures. Their worldviews dictated it’s usage. Their worldviews have five parts:
- God
- Man
- Ethics
- Judgment
- Time
The Egyptians
Everything in the cosmos is connected through Ma’at, most people had to serve the Pharaoh. The rules of Ma’at required people to be social. Judgment: based on how life was lived. Times were cyclical repeating creation and fall, over and over.
The Chinese
All of the cosmos were connected: “Tao”. People were little copies of the universe. The rules of life weren’t logical. Alchemy was used to altinn “enlightenment” . Their time was cyclical: flowing like a river.
The Greeks
They believed in tons of gods, the elite would lead the commoners into a better life. The goal was to live a virtuous life, worshiping family gods kept them alive in the afterlife. History was cyclical and time eternal.
Western Worldview
God is separate from his creation. Man was made in the image of God. Man obey God’s Bible-revealed commandments. Christ returns on judgment day. Time and history will and after all Christ enemies are conquered.
Inventions and Patterns
The Eureka Moment
The “ah ha!” moment. John Napier developed a critical mental image. Joseph Priestley investigated bee vats. Edward Jenner noticed that milkmaids don’t get smallpox.
Open to new ideas
Breaking away from established opinions. Vesalius taught human anatomy differently than all other professions, He noticed when Galen’s predictions were wrong. He realized Galen never used a human corpse. Kepler’s breakthrough was trying an ellipse instead of a circle, he assumed others had already tried it. Dr. Mary Schweitzer discovered blood vessels in “fossilized” dinosaur bones. Other scientists simply assumed that was impossible. Their world view prevented them from making it impossible. Their worldview presented them from making this discovery.
Adversity
The heliocentric theory was resisted by church authority. It contradicted Aristotle’s philosophy. Vesalius’ anatomy contradicted Galen’s anatomy. He was cocked and faced ridiculous arguments from influential authorities. Mar Schweitzer’s discovery was a blessing and a curse. She was shunned initially by her peers. Labor- saving inventions attracted angry mob violence. The resistance and adversity didn’t stop the inventors.
Labor- Saving Devices
Inventions make our labor more efficient. A series of inventions improved fabric production overtime.
Shayly's School Work 