History 4 Lesson 180

Morphine

Chemistry began as alchemy, Alchemists has formula for secret opium elixirs. The formula was rediscovered in the 1700s. Surtuner apprenticed for a pharmacist, he invented morphine from opium. Morphine comes from purifying opium, it pretends to be an endorphin. Which blocks pain signals. Morphine is one of the most potent pain relievers. It was useful for a variety of problems, it was named after the Greek God of dreams. A famous chemist finally noticed one of them, he did experiments on dogs. Then he tested it on himself and others.

Jacquard Loom

Bastille Bouchon, was the son of an organ maker. They used cam to make the pipes sing (the organ pipes). Bouchon applied the cam patterns to the loom in 1725. Vaucanson improved this design by adding a cylinder. Jacquard combined these previous attempts 50 years later. Jacquard loom automatically produces complex woven patterns. “Programmable” cards create the thread patterns. The loom reduced labor costs and made expensive clothes cheaper. The loom was invented in 1804, but took some time to catch on. Jacquard was handsomely rewarded by Napoleon. Factory owners installed the Jacquard loom.

Inventions and Worldview

Different cultures have different world views. The compass had different effects in different cultures. Their worldviews dictated it’s usage. Their worldviews have five parts:

  1. God
  2. Man
  3. Ethics
  4. Judgment
  5.  Time

The Egyptians

Everything in the cosmos is connected through Ma’at, most people had to serve the Pharaoh. The rules of Ma’at required people to be social. Judgment: based on how life was lived. Times were cyclical repeating creation and fall, over and over. 

The Chinese

All of the cosmos were connected: “Tao”. People were little copies of the universe. The rules of life weren’t logical. Alchemy was used to altinn “enlightenment” . Their time was cyclical: flowing like a river.  

The Greeks

They believed in tons of gods, the elite would lead the commoners into a better life. The goal was to live a virtuous life, worshiping family gods kept them alive in the afterlife. History was cyclical and time eternal.

Western Worldview

God is separate from his creation. Man was made in the image of God. Man obey God’s Bible-revealed commandments. Christ returns on judgment day. Time and history will and after all Christ enemies are conquered.

Inventions and Patterns

The Eureka Moment

The “ah ha!” moment. John Napier developed a critical mental image. Joseph Priestley investigated bee vats. Edward Jenner noticed that milkmaids don’t get smallpox.

Open to new ideas

Breaking away from established opinions. Vesalius taught human anatomy differently than all other professions, He noticed when Galen’s predictions were wrong. He realized Galen never used a human corpse. Kepler’s breakthrough was trying an ellipse instead of a circle, he assumed others had already tried it. Dr. Mary Schweitzer discovered blood vessels in “fossilized” dinosaur bones. Other scientists simply assumed that was impossible. Their world view prevented them from making it impossible. Their worldview presented them from making this discovery. 

Adversity

The heliocentric theory was resisted by church authority. It contradicted Aristotle’s philosophy. Vesalius’ anatomy contradicted Galen’s anatomy. He was cocked and faced ridiculous arguments from influential authorities. Mar Schweitzer’s discovery was a blessing and a curse. She was shunned initially by her peers. Labor- saving inventions attracted angry mob violence. The resistance and adversity didn’t stop the inventors.

Labor- Saving Devices

Inventions make our labor more efficient. A series of inventions improved fabric production overtime. 

A story

I wrote a story I’m not done with it, it’s about and zombie apocalypse the that reason everyone is turning into zombies is because of COVID- 19. Here is part of the first chapter, I will add more later but I’m posting this so you guys can tell me what you think.

Apocalypse

            1

I woke to the sound of my mom telling me to get dressed and pack some clothes, I sit up and ask sleepily, 

“Why, mom it’s one o’clock it’s not even time to get up!”

“There’s no time! Get up there coming!” mom said,

“Who’s coming?” 

“No time for talking, just do what I say!” I saw fear in my mom’s eyes, I hadn’t seen her look like that since dad left, she begged him to stay, but he didn’t she didn’t know what she was going to do with a four year old girl by herself she needed someone else to help luckily she found it: my grandma, my grandma help mom out until she was back on her feet. I quickly get dressed and pack some clothes in my backpack, I slip on my brown leather jacket, and put on my lace-up boots.  I brush my hair and put into a braid, I throw my brush into my backpack. 

“Out the window hurry!” My mom says, I open the window. It’s still dark outside, everything is quiet, until I hear it, a low moaning sound, I see our neighbor shuffle across his yard, but it isn’t really our neighbor, something is wrong, so very wrong with him. 

“Mom what’s going on?”  I ask,

“Ava honey, do you know of COVID-19?” My mom says,

“Yes, it’s supposed to be a very serious virus” I reply,

“Well honey, it’s a lot worse than we thought,”

“Mom what are you saying?” I say, fear rising in my voice,

“I’m saying, that this virus is turning people into zombies”  

“We gotta get out of here, but where will we go?” I say,

“We’ll figure that out later for now let’s get out of here” We jump out of the window, we take off in a run. I hear more moaning, soon we’re surrounded by zombies, 

“Mom!” I scream,

“I know, honey I know!” she says, mom picks up a rock and throws it at a zombie, it falls down, and doesn’t even try to get up it just crawls towards me and mom, 

“Ava! Run!” Mom says, I run, I get out of the zombie circle, and look back,

“Mom! Come on!” I yell,

“No honey go, go! Find a safe place, go be free!” I watch in horror as the zombies close in on mom, they start to tear at her flesh,

“MOM!” I scream,

“Ava, I love you now GO!” I run, hard til I come to the three way store, it supplies sportswear, food, and tools. I go in and grab a wooden baseball bat, then I go to the tools aisle. I grab a hammer and some nails, I hammer the nails in the bat, and make it pointy on the end. It’s a perfect weapon. I find some sleeping bags and grab one, I find another bag and I sling it over my shoulder, I stock the bag with food, hopefully this will last me. I run out of the store and go to the park, where I know right between two trees is a giant tree house that will fit four people in it, I remember when mom used to take me to the park. I loved this tree house so much, we would play in it for hours. I climb the rope ladder when I’m on the deck I pull the rope ladder up so nothing else can get in. I spread out the sleeping bag and lay down on it, but I can’t sleep. I wanted mom, but she was gone, I was the only one alive, the only one who is still human at least that I know of. I cry myself to sleep.

Jason

I was just setting in my room chilling not do much and that’s when I hear something downstairs, I open the door to my room,

“Mom, dad? You guys ok? Do you need more chicken broth?” My parents had gotten the coronavirus thing and were very sick. I make my way downstairs. My partes are in the kitchen,

“I guess they needed more chicken broth after all” I mumble, I go into the kitchen, wow who died here? Then rotted for two thousand years! It smelled bad in here, I look at my parents but they’re not my parents, their skin is green, and their moaning. 

“Wow I guess you guys are sicker than I thought!” I say, I run back into the living room and grab the broom that was nearby. My parents shuffle into the living room, I whack my dad in the head with the broom, he moans some more,

“Listen I love you guys, but I don’t like the idea of becoming whatever you are right now” I say, I shove my parents in a closet, run upstairs and I pack some clothes, I run back downstairs and all the way to my buddy Ryan’s house.

        Ryan

I knew something was wrong the moment I saw my parent’s green skin and they were moaning, so I did what any typical teenage boy would do if his parents were green skinned and moaning, I locked them in the bathroom. Someone rang the doorbell, I opened it very carefully,  I saw a figure with dark brown hair and a wild look in his eyes, oh wait, it’s Jason never mind there’s no red alert we’re all good.

“Hey what’s wrong?” I ask,

“My parents are… are zombies! They had the coronavirus thing, and now they’re zombies! They’re green skinned, and moaning!”

“No way, you too!” Dude this is bad very bad, we have to get out of here!” Jason nods, he follows me to my room, I pack some clothes and we head out to the front door. On our way to the store we ran into a girl from our school, I think her name is Emliy. Her black hair was put up in a messy bun, she look really scared,   

                Emily 

I ran into two guys from my school, 

“Ok tell me if I’m going crazy but is this virus turning people into zombies!” I say, they both nod, one of the guys with black hair speaks up,

“Yeah, it’s freaky,” 

“I agree” said the other guy with dark brown hair. 

“Do…do you think we’re the only ones left” I ask,

“I don’t know, but I don’t like to be out in the open like this. Let’s find some shelter, and in the morning, we should go to the park, there’s a tree house, we’ll be safeer in there” said the dark haired guy,

“I’m Emliy, what’s your name?” I ask, 

“I’m Jason and this is Ryan” Says Jason, I followed the guys to the store, where we stocked up on food and some hand made weapons, 

“You two rest, I take the first watch” Says Ryan,

“No I’ll take the first watch” Jason said, they both get into an argument about who should take the first watch. I sigh,

“Enough! I’ll take the first watch you two sleep!” They agreed, I knew how to take charge, I didn’t know these two. All I knew is that they went to my school. They didn’t know me but they knew that I was dead serious. 

   Ava

I open my eyes only to see that it’s day, I get up a stretch. My stomach grumbles, I open my bag and find some pop tarts, I eat them all though I rather have eggs and bacon. Today was supposed to be a school day, but by the looks of things there’s not going to be a school day.  I put my bat into a homemade sheath I had made earlier since I could sleep. I drop the rope ladder and climb down it, hopefully zombies can’t climb. I walked out of the park, and back down to the store, I wanted some bottled water. When I go into the store I hear someone, I go into the aisle next to the one where I hear the noise, I pull my bat out prepared to attack, I was angry at the zombies, for eating my mother, and I was going to take my anger out on these brain eating bozos!  I charge, out into the next aisle,

“Ahhh” I yell.

Ryan 

A girl with chocolate brown hair charges out of the next aisle, she comes at me and tackles me. 

“Ahhh!” I yell, she had a baseball bat with nails pointed at my face, 

“Get this freaky chick off me!” I say, Jason and Emliy pull the girl off of me. She fight them swinging her bat around, 

“Let me go! You stiuped dirty zombie!” she said, she seemed mad like she had a score to settle with the zombies. 

“I’m not a zombie!” Jason said, she turn to face him,

“OMG! Your human!” 

English 6 lesson 1

Today I just stared 6th grad English! I already have an assignment: Write one page on the topic of your choice. So I choose Percy Jackson.

Percy Jackson

I chose the topic to write about the book Percy Jackson, I chose this topic because this is one of my most favorite book series, there are at least three different series, I’m currently reading the second book from the second series and just like the first book I have mixed emotions first I’m mad then I happy then I’m mad again, because Percy is at Camp Jupiter, a Roman camp for demigods. Demigod: half god half mortal. Like I said it’s a Roman Camp. Percy is from a Greek Camp.  Camp Half Blood. He shows up with no memory, the only thing he remembers is Annabeth, his girlfriend. He doesn’t know who he is or where he came from, it annoys me. I wish I could just go into the story and put him back where he belongs. But that is not going to work, so I’m just going to have to keep reading and see what happens. But as always Rick Riordan has an amazing sense of humor, example,

He managed to swivel sideways to avoid breaking his legs, on impact. The snack platter skittered across the roof and sailed through the air. The platter went one way and Percy went the other. As he fell toward the highway, a horrible scenario flashed through his mind: his body smashing against an SUV’s windshield, some annoyed commuter trying to push him off with the wipers. Stupid sixteen-year-old kid falling from the sky! I’m late! – Percy- The heroes of Olympus- The Son of Neptune- Chapter 2- Page 14.

“Elections only happen in two ways,” Reyna said. “Either the legion raises someone on a shield after a major success on the battlefield- and we haven’t had any major battles- or we hold a ballot on the evening of June 24, the Feast of Fortuna. That’s in five days.”

Percy frowned. “You have a feast for tuna?” 

Fortuna,” Hazel corrected. – Percy- The heroes of Olympus- The Son of Neptune- Chapter 3- Page 41.

As Hazel marched down the hill, she cursed in Latin. Percy didn’t understand all of it, but he got son of a gorgon, power-hungry snake, and a few choice suggestions about where Octavain could stick his knife. – Percy- The heroes of Olympus- The Son of Neptune- Chapter 4-Page 59.    

“Can’t grow on this, can you?” she yelled. Go away, you bunch of weeds! Leave me alone!” 

“Schist,” said an angry voice from the grass.

Hazel raised her eyebrows. “Excuse me?”

“Schist! Big pile of schist!”

A nun at St. Agnes Academy had once washed Hazel’s mouth with lye soap for saying something very similar, so she wasn’t sure how to respond. -Hazel- The heroes of Olympus- The Son of Neptune- Chapter- 19- Page -218.

“Thanks for yelling. We wouldn’t have found you otherwise. How’d you hold them off so long?”

She pointed to the rock. “A big pile of schist.”

“Excuse me?”

“Guys,” Frank called from the top of the rock. “You need to see this.”

Percy and Hazel climbed up to join him. As soon as Hazel saw what he was looking at, she inhaled sharply. “Percy, no light! Put up your sword!”

“Schist!” -Hazel- The heroes of Olympus- The Son of Neptune- Chapter- 20- Page -224. 

History 4 lesson 175

Smallpox Vaccine

“Inoculation” was around since the 1500s in the ottoman Empire. British woman brought the concept to Europe around 1725. Edward Jenner, born in 1749, he noticed something peculiar about milkmaids, Jenner began to vaccinate people with the cowpox virus. “Vaccine” is a cure of a disease. They are generally a weakened version of the actual disease. “Vaccine” comes from the cowpox virus (vaccna- means “from the cow”) Jenner wasn’t the first to make the connection between cowpox and smallpox but no one else made attempts to publicize the knowledge, and Jenner did. He conducted numerous trials to convince the Royal Society. The vaccine was introduced in America in the 1780s. Administered in most nations by 1810.

Voltaic Pile

Vlta was born in Italy in 1745, he was interested in electricity and the writing of Ben Franklin. He invented the Volta pistol. Luigi Galvani made frogs legs twitch. Volta built the pile to refute falvanis theory. The Voltaic pile delivered continuous electric current. Alternating stacks of copper and zinc plates and electrolyte. Batteries have (+) and (-) terminals Electrons flow from (-) to 9 (+). Positive ions accumulate on zinc. Loose electrons recombine with positive ions. Chemical reactions produce the electricity. Volta submitted a paper to the Royal Society. 

Arc Light 

Humphrey Davy was born in England in 1778. He became interested in chemistry and electricity. Davy experimented with laughing gas. Built his own voltaic piles to do experiments. Invented the arc light using very strong batteries. The arc light is extremely bright, an arc jumps between the two rods. Electrons flow through the air when the electric field is strong enough the electricity consumes the carbon rods. The light is bright enough to light up large buildings and streets. It didn’t take off quickly. The advancement of lighthouse technology created a market for the arc light. Limelight was invented in the 1820s. It could be used in lighthouses but how to transport the gas? Genervators by 1875 were built to power the arc light. 

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

John Dalton was born in England in 1766. He loved education, he became a professor and a private tutor. He was fascinated by meteorology. Devised atomic theory after years of study and experimentation. He founded upon two laws. 1- All matter is made of atoms. 2- Atoms of the same element are the same. 3- Compounds are combinations of multiple elements. 4- Chemical reactions are elements being rearranged. Theory became the new universal language of chemistry. Dalton published his theory in a book (1808) Protected it to his friends in letters. He joined prominent scientific societies. Continued to tutor and teach his theory to others.    

Snow Cream!

So this is a recipe that is like ice cream but instead you use snow! That is if it is snowing at your place! This is a tradition in my family it is very rear that we get snow, so we always kind of make a tradition out of it!

Snow Ice Cream

Put fresh snow in large mixing bowl (about 3/4 full) With an electric hand mixer beat in cream or half and half until mixture resembles soft serve ice cream. Add 1/2- 1 cup sugar, 1 tsp vanilla and a pinch of salt, beat well. Enjoy!

so good!

Winter/Snow pics!

It snowed!!

Such a sweet girl
One dog is watching birds the other is watching cows
She was rolling in the snow and when she got up to shake it off I caught her in the perfect moment!
I know I have a lot of pictures of this dog but she’s the only one I could get to set still long enough for me to take the picture

History 4 lesson 170

Semaphore Telegraph

Claude Chappe was born in France in 1763, his uncle was a famous astronomer, he taught Claude how to use telescopes. The Chappe brothers designed a visual telegraph for use in wartime in France.The frost semaphore towers were ready in 1792. Semaphore telegraph visual symbols. They were read by messengers using telescopes. Messages could travel 286 miles per hour. France used the system to descend against their enemies. They were extended all over the country. Great Britain followed behind them, so did Portugal. In North America, they used it for commerce information.

Cotton Gin

  Cultures tired easily removing cotton seeds, Eli Whitney couldn’t afford to go to law school. He took a tutoring job in South Carolina in 1792. Mrs. Greene persuaded him to visit her plantation in Georgia. He invented the cotton gin after listening to talk about seed extraction. Cotton gin separates seeds from the fiber. It squeezes them out. It sped up cotton processing approximately 20 times. The price of cotton dropped. Whitney couldn’t enforce his patent. Cotton production went through the roof. Southern towns grew into large important cities.  

Eli Whithey

Whithey was born in 1765 in massachus He grew bored with the routine farm work. HIs dad let him set up a metal shop. He went to yale for college. His money ran out so he couldn’t afford law school. Whitney became an inventor. He invented the cotton gin. He popularized interchangeable parts in 1798. The US government contracted him to build muskets. Whitney almost went broke defending his cotton gin patent. He put on a sales show for the president. He opened his factory to visitors: no more patents. Local craftsmen came to gain ideas. He also had influential local contoots. Whitney produced the success of Samuel Colt. The Texas Revolution occurred in 1836. The Texas Rangers bought thouthands of revolvers from Colt. Colt used Whitney’s factory beginning around 1846 to build his guns. This led to the Cadillac and the “American system” of manufacturing.

                 Hydraulic Press

Joseph Braman was born in England in 1748. He opened his own carpentry business in London. And also installed toilets through the 17700s.  A lecture on locks captured his attention in 1784. Braman worked with Maudsly and invented the hydraulic press in 1795. Hydraulic press flatten metal. Pascal’s law amplifies in[ut force from level. Amplification is determined by the area of the two pistons. THe fluid doesn’t compress. It spread throughout the machine tool industry. Flax seed was turned into flaxseed oil. Edwin invented a new kind of press which became popular in oil factories in America. 

I have nothing!

I think I have something to post……… nope I’ve got nothing! I would like to post something new, so you guys can see it but I have nothing, can you help a girl out and give me some ideas? Please?