What I learned from this class this year was how to write an essay, and for what I enjoyed the most was reading the book Black Beauty. I love that book so much and what made it even better it had to do with horses! I LOVE horses!
The Leyden (leiden) jar was invented in 1744, news spread across the ocean and reached Ben Franklin. Franklin became very interested in electricity by 1746. He noticed static electricity sparks looked like lighting. From this he devised his famous kite experiment. Lighting rods are metal spikes placed on tall buildings. Lighting can develop a billion volts and 300,000 amps. Electric fields become so strong they break down the insulating property of air. Lightning rods work as part of a lighting protection system. Used to protect all kinds of structures. Franklin installed them on public buildings in 1752. Lightning wasn’t well understood though to be evil spirits. They became controversial in the pulpit: thwarting God’s vengeance. In France a court case erupted over a man who installed a lighting rod.
Franklin was born in Boston in 1706. He wanted to be a sailor but his father wanted him to be a preacher. He became an apprentice instead. Franklin was always a learner; he founded a successful newspaper and became a freemason. Franklin was one of America’s first inventors. His “Franklin Stove” improved heat production efficiency, and he invented bifocals. His autobiography was one of the most successful of its kind. Franklin became a founding Father, his newspaper increased his fame. So did his inventions. Poor Richard’s Almanck was most influential. It contained proverbs which are still recited today. As an ambassador, he was a model statesman.
Glasses partially with water can “sing”. Irishman Richard Pockrich popularised the “instrument” in the 1700s. Englishman Edward Deleval refined the instrument. He caught Benjamin Franklin’s attention. Franklin invented the glass harmonica as a variation of the original glass harp. Franklin’s instrument produced a sweet sound. It sat on it’s side and spun using a foot pedal.The instrument sounds “Ethereal” because of how we interpret sound. It wasn’t loud enough to fill an entire hall with sound. The instrument became popular for a while. Thousands had been sold by the time Franklin died (1790). Strange things happened which sent its popularity into decline. Franz Mesmer was a German who developed an idea of “animal Magnetism”.
Thomas Jefferson was born in Virginia in 1743. He got a great education and became a lawyer He took a scientific interest in agriculture and architecture. Heffrson invented lots of small practical devices. Including the swivel chair. Swivel chairs rotate on an axis in circles. Jefferson modified a vulgar sitting chair, Swivel chairs have maneuverability. Wheeled chairs provide convenience. Everybody likes swivel chairs. Franklin didn’t want to write the declaration because he didn’t want his words changed. Jefferson wrote it in his swivel chair. Scientific management focused on work efficiency.
Black Beauty is a book by Anna Sewell, it is such a good book. For those of you who do not know that book I will tell you a little bit about it but not too much or else I will just spoil the story. This story is in Black Beauty’s point of view, he starts out when he was a foal. Then he goes to a bunch of different homes, he meets different horses, and it such a good book! There are several movies that people have made and I have only seen one, but I LOVE horses and I LOVE this book and the movies.
Here is a picture from one of the movies the black horse on the end is Black Beauty and the pony is well…. ok sorry I forgot his name, and then the sorrel mare’s name is Ginger.
What I learned from this class this year was how to write an essay, and for what I enjoyed the most was reading the book Black Beauty. I love that book so much and what made it even better it had to do with horses! I LOVE horses!
Ideas for parachutes appeared during the Renaissance. Da Vinci drew a working parachute design in 1485. Lois-Sebastien Lenormand invented the first parachute in 1783. He was a French scientist, he was inspired by watching a tight-rope walker. Parachutes slow down your descent to the ground, it is used in numerous applications. Skydiving is a popular sport. In my opinion it is scary you’re plummeting to the GROUND!!! Anyway they are useful as a safety device. The Military uses it for air-dropping into enemy territory. Lenormand coined the word “parachute” in 1785. A balloonist a new model in 1785. It was a safety device for escaping hot-air balloons. Garnerin demonstrated the all-fabric model in 1797. Demonstrations attracted large crowds. Charles Brcadwick built models for the US military in the 1900s.
Robert Bakeewell was born in 1725. He grew up on the farm, Bakewell applied his knowledge to his dad’s farm. He noticed something peculiar about the longhorn steer. Selective breeding was his way of raising higher quality animals. Selective breeding produces desirable traits. The breeder must determine what trait to emphasize. Two similar parents need to be matched up.Various breeding techniques are used. Genetic diversity improves animal heath. Bakewell broke with tradition. Bakewell sold his animals at market. He sold purebred animals to other farmers. Bakewell formed a society in 1783 to train other farmers. Bakewell was a successful and a good teacher.
Martin Van marum was born in the 1750s. He took his Groningen education to Haralem, the science center. Marum ran the Teylers museum. In 1784, he designed a large generator, with it he invented electrolysis. Electrolysis breaks compounds into elements. Electric current splits the compounds. Current is the flow of electrons from one point to another. Electrolysis is used to produce hydrogen and oxygen gas, and extract metal from ore. Also used to create methane gas. Van Marum repeatedly demonstrated the process in lectures. By 1800, other scientists were also using it to discover seven elements. Michael Faraday developed the laws of electrolysis It was used to make metals and compounds through the 1900.
Andrew Mikle was born in 1719. His father was an inventor who worked in the mills. Any early version of the threshing machine failed commercially. Meikle fixed their problems. He patented the threshing machine in 1788. Threshing: beating the wheat from the chaff. Meikle’s machine was hand-fed and the size of a piano. It reduced the labor required to harvest wheat grains. Modern machines combine all the harvesting processes. That’s why they are called “combines”. The machine didn’t change too much over the next 100 years. Meikle didn’t get rich on them, others made changes and got around his patent. Like others, the invention drew the ire of angry mobs. The swing Riots in the 1830s destroyed hundreds of threshing machines.
If I could do one thing to make the world a better place I would see that every kid has a show animal. (this might sound crazy but just keep reading and you’ll see why) Having a show animals teaches so many things like responsibility, finase, hard work, how to take care of different animals. It’s really fun and rewarding (you get money if you do well with your animal especially at jackpots). Let me give you an example of animals you could show. Steer, pigs, lambs, goats. And that’s it!
So of course I am sure all counties are different but you can show a horse but showing horses is not like showing a steer or a lamb. Showing horses is really fun though! There are some similar things but not all things are the same. Here’s my example of my morning when I have to show a horse v.s me showing my lambs or steer.
Showing horses- Get up early in the morning, eat breakfast, get dressed in clothes that you can wash your horse in. Pick out your show outfit of your choice. And the day before you should have loaded you wash supplies in the trailer. Load your horse in the trailer after you fed him or her. Drive to wherever you’re having the show. (this is usually at our rodeo arena) Unload your horse, get wash supplies you put in the trailer (water hose, sope, brush, mud boots,) find a spot where you can put your wash supplies. Wash your horse and wait for him to dry (just tie him to the trailer and he will dry out in the sun before you show trust in me. Grab your show outfit and go into the trailer and change (if you don’t wanna do that then just use the bathrooms they have there but if they have no bathrooms then just change in the trailer). Your horse should be dry by then so everybody (while you were doing this other people were showing up) should be here doing the exact same thing. Anyway you grab your show halter ( show haters are fancier than regular ones. Now if you don’t have a show halter that’s fine we just borrow one from our friends). You wait till your class then you show and that is nothing to it. Now it’s a little more complicated when you show but I didn’t go into the details about that.
Showing lambs/steer- same thing you would have loaded everything in the trailer the day before. (our fair is stretched out into several days so…) Get up early in the morning fed animals (I usually do but sometimes dad does it for me… sometimes but other than that it’s up to me) anyway load up steer and lambs go to the fairgrounds. Unload the animals and find a spot to put them (put the sheep in the sheep/lamb barn and steers in the steer barn) unload all the other stuff (show related stuff including the animals feed.) And wait till it’s the day where you show. Our fair dragged out over several days, example: lamb,and another show animal on a certain day. You have to come back to the fair ground to feed. Basically you stay at the fairgrounds all day then you go home and take a shower then you come back the next day you can feed and stay at the fairgrounds all day again. It’s the same thing until it’s your day to show!
So in conclusion showing animals is fun yet hard work and that’s what I would do if I had to do one thing to make the world a better place.
Engishmen were making sparkling wine by 1662. Joseph Priestley was a scientist who investigated air, he investigated air in the beer brewery in 1767. The strange air he observed would make water bubbly. He published his discovery of soda water in a paper, soda water is water with carbon dioxide. When drinks are kept under pressure by filling a thin bottle with co2. There are some slight health benefits, crucial to the soft drink market. Mixed drinks with soda water became popular. Priestley used his discovery to enhance his reputation. Schweppe opened a business in 1783 to produce soda water. Darwin’s grandfather helped Schweppes’s business succeed. Acoptiter patented “soda water” in Ireland in 1799. Companies distinguished themselves by offering different flavors of soda.
Joseph Priestley was born in England in 1733, he suffered a faith crisis when he was 16. He attended a dissenting university. He taught science and liberal theology for a living. He married into the wealthy Wilkinson family who helped support his scientific dabbling. Priestley invented a new method for producing co2 gas. He discovered oxygen around 1775, He identified the process of photosynthesis. He founded the Unitarian Church in England and America. Priestley’s book on electricity was popular. He extended his influence through teaching and preaching. He engaged in philosophical debates.
Balances have been used since early in history. The Israelites were given requirements for weight and measurements. Using false weights cheats people. The balance is symbolic of justice. The need for rapid measuring increased as commerce expanded. Scales measure weight, spring scales measure rely on Hooke’s law. F=K X. Spring scales allow you to read weight immediately, this saves time. Salter’s scales were hand-held models. He founded a successful spring company with his nephews. They built bathroom scales in the 1800s. Candle scale built for postal workers.
The French were suffering from weapon problems, their cannons randomly explode when fired. Their hardness was inconsistent when throughout. A french officer visited John Wilkinson to learn how he made cannons. Wilkinson invented the boring machine in 1774 to build better cannons. Boring machines make holes in solid metal. The machine rotates the barrel being bored. Coolant is applied to keep the metals from melting. The boring machine was extremely. Wilkinson’s boring machine was used to make Watt’s steam engine. Before it, the precision required was impossible to attain. William Wilkinson built a factory in France. The new boring machine used manufactured French cannons, American cannons too.
So most of you know the post I did that was titled Science 5 Lesson 132 well this is the story I was talking about. I am not done with the story bur here is kind of a preview.
Where are they? They should have been here by now, I look down at my watch as I saddle my horse. It’s 3:00. Now I won’t scold my friends for being late to the rodeo, but I hoped that we could’ve warmed up our horses together. I hate the idea of having to deal with Patricia and her followers alone. Soon I see Shawn’s rig pull up right next to mine, then Kayla’s followed and did the same thing. I walk up to Shawn’s truck and smile,
“Good afternoon” I say,
“Sup” he replies,
“ I know we’re late but I have a reason for this. Kayla was trying out for volleyball and I was trying out for football” I looked at Shawn with some surprise I didn’t know he or Kayla liked sports. The only sport I do is rodeo and that’s final ( I’m not a big fan of sports).
“Oh cool, I didn’t know you liked sports” he chuckled, by this time Kayla came up and joined in on our conversation.
“There’s a lot you don’t know about us” Kayla says,
“Apparently, guys we’ve been friends for three years and I am just now finding out that you like sports!” Shawn and Kayla laugh,
“Yep” Kalya says
“What else do I not know about you two?”
“You know everything else about us Annie. It’s just that you didn’t know that we liked sports, but now you do” Shawn said. Shawn was the only one who called me Annie that was my real name but as soon as we became friends Kayla decided that we needed nicknames for each other, Shawn didn’t like the idea but I was cool with it. So my nickname became Ann and Kayla’s was K. Kayla thought that Shawn’s should be Shawnie boy or S, but he hated them so he is just Shawn. And now that nickname (Shawnie) has become an inside joke with all of us. Now technically K didn’t come up with the nickname Shawnie, it was actually his grandmother.
We were sitting in her kitchen thinking of a nickname for Shawn when his grandma suggested Shawnie. She called him that a lot so when his grandma suggested it, he turned red. Anyway it’s now an inside joke. Me and Kayla always call him that but we soon stop because he gets annoyed with us and walks off so then we have to beg him to come back finally he rolls his eyes and says,
“Fine but you must promise me to not call me that the rest of the day” K agrees and that’s how it usually is.
“Shawn do you want me to upload your horse for you?” I say. I really wanted to get started on this whole warming our horses thing so maybe we can avoid Patricia. But we were too late. I can hear her music blasting before she even pulls up. She is still clear by the highway! I know the song that is playing, it’s Rodeo by Garth Brooks. Now I loved that song, but she annoyed me by playing it. I think she annoyed everybody else too because I could a couple of people say,
“Well here comes Patricia Thogmorton The 3rd” She ruined people’s day well, not really ruin but people like quiet before they compete, or at least as quiet as you can get, but most people like to hear the sound of animals (horses) instead of someone’s loud music blasting!
“Yeah that’d be great thanks” Shawn replies, it takes me a minute to realize he was answering the question I had just asked him. I walk to the end of the trailer and open the end door. I click to Snowfire and Thunder Shawn’s two horses letting them know I was there. I grab Snowfire’s halter and lead her out of the trailer and to the tying ring I tie her lead and I place my hand on her rump and keep it on the buckskin mare until I reach the end of the trailer, then I go into the trailer and grab Thunder’s halter and tie him up as well. I make my way back to Shawn’s truck.
“How’s Willow K?” I ask,
“Oh I’m not riding Willow today” Kayla says,
“Then who are you riding?”
“My new horse, Moonlight”
“That’s cool that you got a new horse but Willow still has plenty of years in her does’t she?”
“Yeah she does but I thought I would try out Moonlight”
“Has she ever been to a rodeo?”
“Yeah she has. Don’t worry Ann I have ridden her so it’s not like I bought her then just took her to the rodeo, beside if things don’t go well in the first event I brought Willow” I sighed a little with relief, when one of my friends get a new horse I have to make sure ( I don’t have too but I do) that they have ridden the horse and that they are comfortable with the horse before they take the horse to the rodeo. I just don’t want them to end up with a horse like Copper.
Every time I ask him to go fast he blows up and acts like the broncs in the bronc riding. Ugh he is the worst! Shawn always takes an extra horse just in case, sometimes he offers for me to ride Snowfire but I say no I have to break him of this habit ( it’s going to take a loooong time before I can break him of the habit).
“Good now go saddle so we can warm up, and if we’re lucky we might be able to avoid Paticia”
“Ok” And with that Kayla took off to her trailer and started to unload her horses I got to see the new horse kayla had brought, Moonlight was a jet black horse she was really pretty then she unloaded Willow her dappled grey horse, she took them around to the other side so she could saddle. Kayla was definitely going to stand out with her horses. She had the two most uncommon colors here.
Now they were not really uncommon but here in our rodeo family (all the kids that rodeo here) had all buckskin horses or just grey horses not dappled grey just grey like my horse Copper and sorrel horses like Shawn’s other horse Thunder. Oh yeah and I can’t leave out the bay horses. I make my way back to my trailer and go inside the tack room. I come out with a bridle and I put it on Copper, I lead him a few steps and then I throw the reins over his neck then step on I ride back to Shawn’s truck where he has both horses saddled already! How does he do that? I did not take a long time to put the bridle on Copper and then get on!! What! Shawn puts his bridle on Snowfire’s saddle horn and then unties her from the trailer, he mounts Thunder and grabs Snowfire’s lead. And with that we head over to Kayla’s trailer where she has just finished saddling Willow.
She did the same thing as Shawn but she mounted Moonlight instead of Willow. It was strange to me that she was riding a different horse instead of Willow. We took off towards the arena. The song changed it was, “I wish Grandpas never died” by Riley Green Patricia had pulled in the parking lot and was now unloading her horse, and saddling him. Patricia had tons of money and she showed it by her clothes, rig, and horse. But she was not the nicest person in the world.
We were soon at the gate of the arena. I reached down and opened the gate and Shawn and Kayla rode through and I closed the gate. We take off in a walk in the arena, we make one circle around the arena then we take off in a trot, after we make a circle we lope. Then we do our own thing. I turn my horse around and do the same thing the other way.
By the time I make a circle in a lope all that way around the arena Patricia has made her way into the arena and is warming up her horse. Oh great now Clumsy and Clueless will be here next. That’s not really their names but that’s what me Shawn and Kayla call them. They are Patricia’s two followers Clare and Mindy. Mindy is Clumsy and Clare is Clueless or Clueless Clare. I know that if Patricia is here that means that Mindy and Clare will be here soon. I ride up to Kayla who is now getting on Willow.
“Is everything ok?” I ask,
“Yeah I am just getting on Willow to warm her up a bit. I know she probably is but I just thought I would get on her and have some one on one time with her” Katla said,
“Oh good I just thought something was wrong with Moonlight”
“No we’re all good, see Shawn is doing the same thing but he is tying Thunder to the fence and getting on Snowfire”
“Are you going to tie Moonlight to the fence?”
“Yeah” Kayla gets on Willow and grabs Moonlight’s lead, she walks Willow over to Thunder and ties Moonlight next to him. She then takes off in a trot around the arena. By now every one that rodeoed here was here. Midny and Clare were here, and Clive. Clive was here……. in the arena he had already saddled his horse and was sitting on his horse in the middle of the arena with a couple of his friends. Me and K rode by him.
“Here comes the girl who can’t ride” Clive said referring to Kayla. I was a ways behind her so I knew Clive was talking about Kayla that made me mad. Kayla could ride. She could ride really well, she got up early every morning, fed her horse and then after her horse was done eating she would ride in her arena.
“And look at her comes her little friend who can’t go fast and try to keep up with all the others” that time he was talking about me. It was true I could not go fast but like I said my horse acts like a bronc, and sure I could not keep up with the others. But that was it, I could not stand the insults! I rode up to Clive and I noticed that Clive had his feet out of the stirrups. Perfect.
“ Hey Clive” I said,
“What?”
“Shut Up!” I say, then I push him off the side of his horse. I take the reins off his horse’s neck and I take off in a lope with the horse following me. Clive takes off after us yelling,
“Give me my horse back!” he said,
“Not unless you promise to be nice” I say, in a singsong voice.
“I will never promise that!” he replies. I make one circle and then I stop, Clive is still running after me. I drop the reins over the horse’s neck and he takes off. A lot of people (the families of the rodeo kids) were laughing. I look back at my friends who are laughing too. I could not help it, I had to do it. I stood up on my horse and took a bow. People cheered and hollered. Then I put two fingers on my forehead and saluted then winked. I sat back down on my horse and I trotted out of the arena.
“Mission accomplished” I whisper. I look back over my shoulder Clive’s horse is running and bucking while Clive is trying to catch him. This will be going on for a while I thought.
We got threw the roping and the speed events well most of the speed events, now it was time for the last event (speed event) the pole race.
“Patricia Thogmorton The 3rd” The announcer called. Patricia made her run,
“Good job Patricia that will be a 20.00” Dang she was really fast on that pole run!
“Annie Smith you’re up next ” Ok, I got this. I rode through the gate and took off in a lope down the poles. When I got to the end pole I turned my horse around it then we weaved through the poles until I got to the end pole. I did the same thing. By the time I got back to the other end I got a little confident.
I asked Copper for a Little more, he was ringing his tail! This is bad, this is bad. Next thing I know he blows, he kicks up his heels and we’re off. Oh great just my luck he’s doing it again he’s acting like a bronc! I came out of the saddle and I hit the dirt. I stand up, my legs are a little shaky. I turn to my horse, he gives me an ignorant look.
“You know what you did!” I said in a low voice, gritting my teeth. I grab the reins and I get back on. I look up only to see Shawn and Kayla running up to me.
“Are you ok?” they say in unison.
“Yeah I’m fine” I say flatly,
“Are you sure?” Shawn says,
“Yeah, I’m just a little shaken, that’s all” When we get through the gate I take my horse to the place where most kids take their horse to wake them up. (sometimes kid’s horses fall asleep while they are waiting). I lope Copper around letting him know that I am the boss NOT him. Then I walk him back to the trailer. I unsaddled him and loaded him in the trailer. It’s dark. I say goodbye to my friends and head home. I unload Copper and put him in his pen. He nickers, telling that I need to feed him I throw him some feed and say,
“Yeah, yeah I heard you” I go into my house, take a shower and get ready for bed, I am asleep the moment my head hits the pillow.
I woke up to the sound of my phone, someone sent me a text. I really don’t want to answer it but I do. It was a text from Kayla. Hey so my grandpa has this friend who has some horses that he needs a good home for because he can’t ride them anymore. They still have some years left in them if you were interested in trying them out today I could take you!
Yeah that would be great thanks! I reply. Now I am not the squealing type but the moment felt right, so I squealed.
I thought these were funny (most of them this first is nor but they rest are) so here they are.
If I could do one thing to make the world a better place I would see that every kid has a show animal. (this might sound crazy but just keep reading and you’ll see why) Having a show animals teaches so many things like responsibility, finance, hard work, how to take care of different animals. It’s really fun and rewarding (you get money if you do well with your animal especially at jackpots). Let me give you an example of animals you could show. Steer, pigs, lambs, goats. And that’s it!
So of course I am sure all counties are different but you can show a horse but showing horses is not like showing a steer or a lamb. Showing horses is really fun though! There are some similar things but not all things are the same. Here’s my example of my morning when I have to show a horse v.s me showing my lambs or steer.
Showing horses- Get up early in the morning, eat breakfast, get dressed in clothes that you can wash your horse in. Pick out your show outfit of your choice. And the day before you should have loaded you wash supplies in the trailer. Load your horse in the trailer after you fed him or her. Drive to wherever you’re having the show. (this is usually at our rodeo arena) Unload your horse, get wash supplies you put in the trailer (water hose, soup, brush, mud boots,) find a spot where you can put your wash supplies. Wash your horse and wait for him to dry (just tie him to the trailer and he will dry out in the sun before you show trust in me. Grab your show outfit and go into the trailer and change (if you don’t wanna do that then just use the bathrooms they have there but if they have no bathrooms then just change in the trailer). Your horse should be dry by then so everybody (while you were doing this other people were showing up) should be here doing the exact same thing. Anyway you grab your show halter ( show haters are fancier than regular ones. Now if you don’t have a show halter that’s fine we just borrow one from our friends). You wait till your class then you show and that is nothing to it. Now it’s a little more complicated when you show but I didn’t go into the details about that.
Showing lambs/steer- same thing you would have loaded everything in the trailer the day before. (our fair is stretched out into several days so…) Get up early in the morning fed animals (I usually do but sometimes dad does it for me… sometimes but other than that it’s up to me) anyway load up steer and lambs go to the fairgrounds. Unload the animals and find a spot to put them (put the sheep in the sheep/lamb barn and steers in the steer barn) unload all the other stuff (show related stuff including the animals feed.) And wait till it’s the day where you show. Our fair dragged out over several days, example: lamb,and another show animal on a certain day. You have to come back to the fair ground to feed. Basically you stay at the fairgrounds all day then you go home and take a shower then you come back the next day you can feed and stay at the fairgrounds all day again. It’s the same thing until it’s your day to show!
Shayly's School Work 